5.C Carboxylic Acids

5.C.1 Description

5.C.1.a nomenclature

5.C.1.b physical properties and solubility

5.C.2 Important reactions

5.C.2.a carboxyl group reactions

5.C.2.a.i nucleophilic attack

5.C.2.a.ii reduction

5.C.2.a.iii decarboxylation

5.C.2.a.iv esterification

5.C.2.b reactions at α position

5.C.2.b.i halogenation

5.C.2.b.ii substitution reactions

5.C.3 General principles

5.C.3.a hydrogen bonding

5.C.3.b dimerization

5.C.3.c acidity of the carboxyl group

5.C.3.d inductive effect of substituents

5.C.3.e resonance stability of carboxylate anion